Base de dados : HANSEN Pesquisa : MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE [Descritor de assunto] Referências encontradas : 1059 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 20   no formato [Detalhado]

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Id: 27312 Autor: McDougall, A. Colin. Título: Bacillary and histopathological findings in the peripheral nerves of armadillos experimentally infected with M. leprae. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):260-261, Jun. 1997. . Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/citol Mycobacterium leprae/patogen Nervos Periféricos/irrig Nervos Periféricos/microbiol Nervos Periféricos/patol Limites: Animais Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27303 Autor: Ponnighaus, Jorg M; Lienhardt, Christian; Lucas, Sebastian; Fine, Paul E. M; Sterne, Jonathan A. C. Título: Comparison of bacillary indexes in slit-skin smears, skin and nerve biopsies; a study from Malawi. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):211-216, Jun. 1997. tab, graf. Resumo: Data analyzed in this paper were collected within the framework of the Lepra Evaluation Project, an epidemiological study of leprosy in Karonga District, northern Malawi. For 212 patients information on the number of skin lesions, slit-skin smear and skin biopsy results were available. Among 61 patients with a single lesion none were slit-skin-smear positive and two had bacilli detected in skin biopsies. In contrast, among 119 patients with four or more lesions 34 (28.6%) versus 59 (49.6%) had bacilli detectable in slit-skin smears or skin biopsies, respectively. In a further 47 patients skin biopsy results could be compared with split-nerve biopsy results. In 20 of 47 patients the bacterial indexes (BIs) were identical in skin and nerve biopsies, while in 26 of 47 patients the BIs were higher in nerve than in skin biopsies. This difference, which is consistent with several other studies in the literature, provides an insight into the pathogenesis of leprosy. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/microbiol Mycobacterium leprae/isol Mycobacterium leprae/patogen Limites: Humanos Masculino Feminino Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27284 Autor: Job, Charles K; Baskaran, Balasubramani; Jayakumar, Joseph; Aschhoff, Maria. Título: Pathologic changes in a tibial nerve with surviving M. leprae in a healed tuberculoid leprosy patient. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):90-94, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: A tibial nerve from a disease-arrested borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy patient was dissected out and examined almost in its entirety using hematoxylin and eosin staining, a modified Fite's stain for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), solochrome cyanin stain for myelin, and van Gieson's stain for fibrous tissue. Fibrosis of the perineurium and epineurium and fibrous replacement of the nerve parenchyma, which was maximum at the ankle joint area, were seen. In focal areas inflammation was present, especially in the epineurium around blood and lymph vessels. Even 21 years after adequate antileprosy therapy, AFB were present in the endoneurium in all except 2 of the 10 segments of the nerve, evoking hardly an inflammatory reaction or other ill effects. It is pointed out that BT leprosy should also be considered a generalized disease, especially when there is peripheral nerve trunk involvement and, in such cases, a longer duration of currently available antileprosy therapy is advisable. Trauma to nerve trunk plays a major role in producing nerve destruction and paralysis. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase Tuberculóide/imunol Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27283 Autor: Yogi, Yasuko; Nomaguchi, Hiroko; Sakamoto, Yoshiki; Matsuoka, Masanori; Fujimura, Takao; Okamura, Haruki; Hioki, Kyoji; Saito, Muneo; Nomura, Tatsuji. Título: Cytokine gene expression in the foot pad and spleen of BALB/cAJcI mice infected with M. leprae. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):80-89, Mar., 1997. ilus, tab. Resumo: The cytokine mRNAs expressed in the foot pads and spleens of BALB/cAJcl mice infected with Mycobacterium leprae were studied by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method using cytokine-specific primers for interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), -2, -4, -6, -10, -12-(p40), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and TNF-beta, and then for CD4 and CD8 markers. The pattern of cytokine gene expression in the foot pad which supports M. leprae growth was different from the expression in the spleen which does not permit M. leprae multiplication in mice. Before BALB/cAjcl mice were infected with M. leprae, IL-1 alpha and TNF-beta mRNAs were expressed physiologically in the foot pad while all of the cytokine genes examined were expressed in the spleen. In the foot pads of mice inoculated with M. leprae, in addition to the physiological appearance of IL-1 alpha and TNF-beta mRNAs, these signals were intensified. TNF-alpha expression was induced by the infection. On the other hand, in the spleens of mice inoculated with M. leprae, CD4 mRNA expression disappeared on day 1 of the infection, which was accompanied by the reduced expression of IL-2, -4, -6, and -12 mRNAs. The recovery of CD4 mRNA expression at a latter stage was accompanied by a corresponding increase of the cytokine mRNA expression. It was suspected that these results might permit restricted growth of M. leprae in the foot pads of normal mice. Furthermore, our study suggests that tissue-specific, local, immunologic characteristics are important in M. leprae growth. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Citocinas/bios Citocinas/genet Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27281 Autor: Nakamura, Chikako; Fukutomi, Yasuo; Kashiwabara, Yoshiko; Oomoto, Yasukazu; Kojima, Miyae; Hayashi, Hidetoshi; Onozaki, Kikuo. Título: Dharmendra antigen but not integral M. leprae is an efficient inducer of immunostimulant cytokine production by human monocytes, and M. leprae lipids inhibit the cytokine production. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):63-72, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: Killed integral Mycobacterium leprae, Mitsuda antigen, and chloroform-treated M. leprae, Dharmendra antigen (Dh-Ag), have been used for the classification of leprosy patients based on cell-mediated immunity. Heat-killed M. leprae also were used as a component of the Convit vaccine. Human blood monocytes were stimulated with M. leprae or Dh-Ag and their cytokine-inducing ability was compared. Monocytes were cultured in the presence of fresh human serum because of the efficiency of cytokine induction and the phagocytosis of M. leprae have been shown to be optimal in the presence of fresh serum. M. leprae and Dh-Ag were equally phagocytosed by monocytes. Dh-Ag was more potent than M. leprae in the induction of immunostimulatory/proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). In contrast, a comparable level of IL-1ra, an immunosuppressive cytokine, was induced by M. leprae and Dh-Ag. The lipids extracted from M. leprae induced none of these cytokines by monocytes. Nevertheless, when monocytes were pretreated with the lipids followed by stimulation with Dh-Ag, productions of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF were all inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. However, the lipids did not inhibit the cytokine production induced by other stimuli including BCG and lipopolysaccharide. Moreover the lipids did not affect the production of IL-1ra. These results suggest that the lipids from M. leprae are responsible for the poor cytokine-inducing ability of M. leprae, thus favoring their infection. These results also suggest that Dh-Ag rather than integral M. leprae may be useful as a vaccine candidate because Dh-Ag is able to induce a large amount of cytokines from monocytes. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Citocinas/metab Monócitos/imunol Monócitos/metab Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27280 Autor: Chaudhury, Sachin; Hajra, Sunil Kumar; Mukerjee, Ashutosh; Saha, Bibbuti; Majumdar, Vibek; Chattapadhya, Debasis; Saha, Kunal. Título: Immunotherapy of lepromin-negative borderline leprosy patients with low-dose convit vaccine as an adjunct to multidrug therapy; a six-year follow-up study in Calcutta. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):56-62, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: The present report, which describes management of lepromin-negative borderline leprosy patients with low-dose Convit vaccine, is an extension of our earlier study on the treatment of lepromatous leprosy patients with low-dose Convit vaccine as an adjunct to multidrug therapy (MDT). The test Group I, consisting of 50 lepromin-negative, borderline leprosy patients, were given low-dose Convit vaccine plus MDT. The control group II consisted of 25 lepromin-negative, borderline leprosy patients given BCG vaccination plus MDT and 25 lepromin-negative, borderline leprosy patients given killed Mycobacterium leprae (human) vaccine plus MDT. The control group III consisted of 50 lepromin-positive, borderline leprosy patients not given any immunostimulation but given only MDT. Depending upon the lepromin unresponsiveness, the patients were given one to four inoculations of the various antileprosy vaccines and were followed up every 3 months for 2 years for clinical, bacteriological and immunological outcome. All patients belonging to the test and control groups showed clinical cure and bacteriological negativity within 2 years. However, immunologic potentiation, assessed by lepromin testing and the leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT), was better in the test patients receiving low-dose Convit vaccine plus MDT than in the control patients receiving BCG vaccine plus MDT or killed M. leprae vaccine plus MDT or MDT alone. But the capacity of clearance bacteria (CCB) test from the lepromin granuloma showed poor bacterial clearance in the test patients. However, there was no relapse during 6 years of follow up. Two mid-borderline (BB) patients had severe reversal reactions with lagophthalmos and wrist drop during immunotherapy despite being given low-dose Convit vaccine. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase Dimorfa/quimioter Hanseníase Dimorfa/terap Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Humanos Masculino Feminino Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27275 Autor: Be Britto, R. Lourduraj John; Ramanathan, Vadakkupattu D; Gupte, Mohan D. Título: Regional lymphadenitis following antileprosy vaccine BCG with killed mycobacterium leprae. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):12-19, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: Phase-II and extended Phase-II studies were conducted in three different sets of the population in Thiruthani Taluk, Chengalpattu District, South India, involving BCG and killed Mycobacterium leprae (KML) combination vaccines to ascertain the acceptability of the vaccines. In the Phase-II study, 997 healthy volunteers were vaccinated on individual randomization with one of the vaccines arms: BCG 0.1 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML, BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML, BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(6) KML, BCG, 0.1 mg or normal saline. Blood samples were taken and the serum was tested for antibody levels against phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) and the 35-kDa protein of M. leprae. In this study, we observed regional suppurative adenitis in 6% (6 out of 100), 3% (3 out of 100), and 3% (3 out of 100) of the vaccinees in the BCG 0.1 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML, BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML, and BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(6) KML vaccine arms, respectively, in the 13-70 year age group. Earlier BCG scar status, skin-test reactions to lepromin-A, Rees' MLSA, and serum antibody levels against PGL-I and the 35-kDa protein did not help to identify the group at risk of developing suppurative adenitis. Suppurative adenitis appears to have a different relationship between the age of the subject and the dose of the vaccine. In order to overcome the problem of regional suppurative adenitis and to know the mechanism involved, an extended Phase-II study was conducted in similar groups of the population by reducing the BCG and KML doses, i.e., with BCG 0.05 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML, BCG 0.05 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML, and BCG 0.01 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML. Biopsy specimens were collected from lymph nodes of the suppurative adenitis cases and were subjected for culture and histopathological examination. The observations showed that regional suppurative adenitis could be reduced to 1% in the BCG 0.05 + 6 x 10(8) KML group, 0.5% in the BCG 0.05 + 5 x 10(7) KML group, and 0.5% in the BCG 0.01 + 5 x 10(7) KML group. This phenomenon of suppurative adenitis appears to be related to the total dose of mycobacterial antigens. Suppurative adenitis was seen by weeks 18 and 20 post-vaccination in the latter two lower doses; whereas it was seen by week 8 in the higher dose of the combination vaccines. No case of suppurative adenitis was observed in the BCG 0.1 mg group. Culture and histopathology ruled out the possibilities of progressive BCG infection and superadded infection. Considering the above results, BCG 0.05 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML was acceptable for a large-scale vaccine trial in South India. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase/prev Vacina BCG/ef adv Limites: Humanos Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27212 Autor: Gillis, Thomas P; Cho, Sang-Nae. Título: Report of workshop on new tools for diagnosis and epidemiology. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):594-595, Dec. 1998. . Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Hanseníase/diag Hanseníase/prev Mycobacterium leprae/isol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27209 Autor: Cole, Stewart T. Título: The Mycobacterium leprae genome projest. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):589-591, Dec. 1998. . Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/genet DNA Bacteriano/quim Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27208 Autor: Gupte, M. D. Título: Vaccine trials against leprosy. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):587-589, Dec. 1998. tab. Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Hanseníase/imunol Hanseníase/prev Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Humanos Masculino Feminino Criança Adolescente Adulto Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27207 Autor: Klatser, Paul R. Título: Causative organism and host response: early diagnosis of leprosy. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):586-587, Dec. 1998. . Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Hanseníase/diag Hanseníase/microbiol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/isol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27198 Autor: Jacobson, Robert R. Título: Report of workshop on defining the disease and antibacterial therapy. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):572-573, Dec. 1998. . Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Hansenostáticos/uso terap Hanseníase/quimioter Hanseníase/prev Mycobacterium leprae/ef drogas Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur01.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27170 Autor: Rivero-Nava, Laura; Quesada-Pascual, Fausto; Estrada-Garcia, Iris; Estrada-Parra, Sergio; Santos-Argumedo, Leopoldo. Título: Cellular immune responses of health and Mycobacterium leprae-inoculated armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus). Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):485-487, Dec. 1998. graf. Descritores: Tatus/genet Hanseníase Virchowiana/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Animais Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4cor02.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27167 Autor: Yogi, Yasuko; Endoh, Masumi; Banba, Tomoko; Okamura, Haruki; Nomaguchi, Hiroko. Título: Susceptibility to Mycobacterium leprae of ALY (Alymphoplasia) mice and IFN-gamma induction in the culture supernatant of spleen cells. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):464-474, Dec. 1998. ilus, graf. Resumo: The aly/aly (alymphoplasia) mice from a mutation of a colony of the C57BL/6J mouse strain, which has a systemic absence of lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, are deficient in both T- and B-cell-mediated immune functions. We have undertaken a comparison of susceptibility to Mycobacterium leprae of ALY (aly/aly, aly/+) mice with C57BL/6J mice. The aly/aly mouse was found to have an excellent high susceptibility to M. leprae with no distinction between female and male. The aly/+ mouse also was more susceptible to M. leprae at an earlier stage than the C57BL/6J mouse. Therefore, we examined and compared the cytokine gene expression and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) induction in the splenocytes of ALY mice. The expression of interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-10 and IL-12 mRNA was weakly stimulated with ML-lysate in inoculated aly/aly mice but IL-2, IL-6, IGIF/IL-18 and IFN-gamma mRNA were not observed. None of the cytokine genes used appeared, except the mRNA for IL-1-alpha, when uninfected cultured spleen cells were stimulated with ML-lysate. Also, IFN-gamma production was not induced. However, the appearance of these cytokine genes was observed when stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA), and IFN-gamma production was also induced in the culture supernatant by aly/+ and even aly/aly mice stimulated with ConA. To examine the reason why IFN-gamma cannot be produced by splenocytes of ALY mice inoculated with M. leprae, we detected cytokine gene expression and IFN-gamma induction in the presence of recombinant murine IL-12 or IGIF/IL-18. IL-2 mRNA expression was detected in all of the mice tested in the presence of IL-12 but not in aly/aly mice under IGIF/IL-18, and iNOS mRNA expression was not observed in aly/aly mice under IL-12 or IGIF/IL-18. IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA were detected by aly/aly mice only by exposure to IGIF/IL-18. In culture, the supernatant with ML antigens of the aly/aly mice did not produce IFN-gamma in spite of the presence of IL-12 and IGIF/IL-18, while IFN-gamma was weakly induced in aly/+ mice stimulated with ML-lysate and in the presence of IGIF/IL-18. Nevertheless, IFN-gamma production was observed in splenocytes of the aly/aly mice stimulated with ConA and also with IGIF/IL-18 plus anti-CD3 antibody. Our results suggest that ALY mice might be showing a high susceptibility to M. leprae because of deficient priming for activation of T cells with the leprosy bacilli infection. Moreover, it is possible that the phagocytic activities of the macrophages of ALY mice are also impaired. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/genet Hanseníase/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/genet Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Animais Camundongos Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4a04.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27165 Autor: Solomon, Samuel; Kurian, Nisha; Ramadas, Palani; Rao, Pamidipai Samuel Simon Sudar. Título: Incidence of nerve damage in leprosy patients treated with MDT. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):451-456, Dec. 1998. tab. Resumo: The incidence rates of sensory and motor impairments during and after multidrug therapy (MDT) are reported for a prospective cohort of patients who had no nerve damage at registration (N = 1621). Sensory and motor loss increased with age and both were high among multibacillary patients as compared with paucibacillary patients. The lateral popliteal (common peroneal) and posterior tibial nerves seem to be most affected for sensory loss; whereas the posterior tibial and ulnar nerves are mainly responsible for motor loss. No significant difference by gender was found. Implications for prevention of disability (POD) activities are discussed and suitable recommendations made. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/quimioter Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/fisiopatol Mycobacterium leprae/patogen Limites: Humanos Masculino Feminino Adolescente Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4a02.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27164 Autor: Croft, Richard P; Smith, W. Cairns S; Nicholls, Peter; Richardus, Jan H. Título: Sensitivity and specificity of methods of classification of leprosy without use of skin-smear examination. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):445-450, Dec. 1998. tab. Resumo: A 12 -month cohort of 2664 new leprosy cases in Bangladesh has been analyzed to provide information about the sensitivity and specificity of two different methods of classifying leprosy into paucibaccilary (PB) and multibaccilary (MB), if the results of skin-smear examination are note taken into account. The two methods are: 1) a procedure based on counting skin lesions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) (<6 skin lesion = PB, > 6 skin lesions = MB); and 2) the "Bangladesh method" (<10 skin and nerve lesions = PB, > 10 skin and nerve lesions = MB). In the latter system, any degree of nerve enlargement is taken to be a nerve lesion. The WHO method was found to be 89% sensitive and 88% specific at detecting smear-positive MB cases frm among the cohort; the Bangladesh system, 92% sensitive and 88,6% specific. The WHO method did not detect 18 smear-positive cases as MN; the Bangladesh method left 13 smear-positive cases unclassified as MB. Several of these "missed" (false-negative) cases had a high bacterial index. The WHO system of classifying leprosy cases a MB is simple to appply and has a reasonable balance between sensitivity and specificity. However, it must be recognized that the system will lead to a small but significant number of skin-smear-positive MB cases being treated with a PB treatment regimen. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/isol Hanseníase/clas Hanseníase/patol Limites: Humanos Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4a01.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27153 Autor: Antia, Noshir H. Título: A critique on the interpretation of the lepromin reaction using heat kiled M. leprae vaccine. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):110-111, Mar. 1989. . Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase/imunol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1cor01.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27149 Autor: Tzue-Chun, Liu; Zhong-Min, Ji; Skinsnes, Olaf K. Título: Light and electron-microscopic study of M. leprae infected Armadillo Neves. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):65-72, Mar. 1989. ^bilus, ^btab. Resumo: Lesions in peripheral nerves of armadillos experimentally infected with Mycobacterium leprae were studied by light- and electron-microscopy. Bacilli could be found clearly inside axons of unmyelinated nerve fibers. Heavily bacillated Schwann cells were seen embracing unmyelinated axons with interrupted cytoplasmic membranes. This indicated the initiation of rupture of those cells which were responsible for the liberation of bacilli into the axons. The nerve lesions were divided into three grades according to their severity: grade I showed lesions focalized in the perineurium; grade II lesions were scattered inside nerve tissue; and in grade III lesions the nerve tissues were diffusely affected. No regressive changes, such as fibrosis or scar formation, were seen in the nerve lesions. Bacillated macrophages were not as foamy as those of human lesions, indicating that these bacillated cells were younger or more easily disrupted with a higher turnover than the cells in human lesions. This would promote the spread of lesions in armadillos, and would explain the less foamy appearance of the cells. We found bacilli inside lymphatics surrounding the nerves, substantiating the opinion that lesions spread to peripheral nerves not only by a hematogenous route but also by the lymphatics^ien. Descritores: Tatus/microbiol Nervos Periféricos/microbiol Nervos Periféricos/patol Nervos Periféricos/ultraest Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Animais Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a09.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27148 Autor: Silva, Manuel T; Portaels, Françoise; Macedo, Paula M. Título: New data onthe ultrastructure of the membrane of Mycobacterium leprae. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):54-64, Mar. 1989. ^bilus, ^btab, ^bgraf. Resumo: In previous reports on the ultrastructure of Mycobacterium leprae, we described the occurrence of symmetric membranes in normal-looking bacilli from fresh or frozen samples primarily fixed with aldehydes. In those reports we admitted that such a symmetric profile, which is not found in the other normal mycobacteria, would not represent the structure of the normal membrane of the leprosy bacillus. We, therefore, re-analyzed the ultrastructure of the membrane of M. leprae. In the present work the micromorphology of the M. leprae membrane was studied by transmission electronmicroscopy after the fixation of fresh samples by OsO4 plus calcium followed by glutaraldehyde plus formaldehyde and calcium followed by uranyl acetate. The study of samples from two patients with lepromatous (LL) leprosy, three armadillos with natural leprosy, and one nude mouse with experimental leprosy showed that normal-looking bacilli present in lead-stained sections had asymmetric membranes with a thickness of 6.49 +/- 0.36 nm. These membranes showed periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive components exclusively located in the outer half of the bilayer. We demonstrated that the symmetric profile of the M. leprae membrane described in our previous reports corresponds, as admitted in those reports, to an abnormal membrane structure. Such an abnormality was now found to result from the use of primary fixation with aldehydes or of samples stored frozen before fixation. These results indicate that, although ultrastructurally similar to that of the other mycobacteria, the membrane of M. leprae has a peculiar sensitivity to fixation by aldehydes. Such a characteristic, which was not found in M. lepraemurium, M. aurum, M. avium, and M. tuberculosis H37Ra, must reflect a unique membrane molecular structure, which is presently unknown^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/ultraest Mycobacterium avium/ultraest Membrana Celular/ultraest Limites: Animais Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a08.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27146 Autor: Stanford, John L; Stanford, Cynthia A; Saidi, Kiumars Ghazi; Dowlati, Yahya; Weiss, Sister Fabiola; Farshchi, Yusef; Madlener, Frits; Rees, Richard JW. Título: Vaccination and skin test studies on the children of leprosy patients. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):38-44, Mar. 1989. ^bgraf, ^btab. Resumo: The purpose of this study carried out in Iranian Azerbaijan was to determine the pattern of skin-test positivity to mycobacterial antigens in children living in the valley, and to assess the effect on this of a series of vaccines against mycobacterial disease. Set up in 1978, 1707 tuberculin-negative children without scars of previous BCG vaccination were vaccinated with BCG Glaxo alone (vaccine A) or with the addition of a suspension of killed Mycobacterium vaccae (vaccine B). One hundred children were vaccinated with BCG Glaxo plus a suspension of M. leprae (vaccine C). Eight to 10 years later about half of the children were found for follow up. At this time further children were skin tested, and the results obtained were related to whether or not they had scars of vaccination with BCG Pasteur (Teheran) given by the local health authorities. Between setting up the study and the first follow up, cases of leprosy or tuberculosis had occurred in some of the villages, although not among those we had vaccinated. Differences between the effects of the vaccines were only found in villages with cases of leprosy. In these villages positivity to leprosin A was significantly greater after vaccine B (49%) than after vaccine A (36%; p less than 0.04). The results for scrofulin and vaccine were the same after both vaccines, and significantly lower than in the villages without cases of leprosy. The general reduction in skin-test positivity in the villages with leprosy cases was mainly due to a loss of category 1 responders to group i, common mycobacterial, antigens. It was concluded that where casual contact with cases of leprosy occurs the combination of BCG with killed M. vaccae is likely to be a better vaccine for leprosy than is BCG alone. Although few children received the combination with M. leprae, the results obtained were not particularly promising^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/imunol Hanseníase/prev Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Tuberculose/imunol Tuberculose/prev Limites: Humanos Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a06.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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